A Review of Secondary and Higher Secondary Education in India
Shahid Kaleem *
CEPECAMI/Bridge Course, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India.
S. M. Jawed Akhtar
Department of Economics, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
It is evidenced that country which has a large number of the educated and skilled labour force has a higher potential to lead others in economic development. So, it can be said that the education increases the productivity of the population in general and of the labour force in particular, leading to increase in individual earnings or wages and as a result, contributing to economic growth. Secondary and higher secondary educated population as a labour force are trainable and adjusted as the requirements of the world-wide market. Secondary education now is the single largest provider of working people in all spheres of national productivity. This paper highlights the growth of secondary and higher secondary education of the country and examines the current problems and challenges related to secondary educational system in India. It has been found that the total number of students enrolled in and gross enrolment ratio of secondary education and higher secondary education reflect increasing trends over the period. It is found that there has been an improvement in gender parity, particularly at concerned education level shown by GPI. Although, the progress has been made in the secondary and higher secondary sector of education, the rate of progress does not correspond with the pace of requirement.
Keywords: Secondary education, higher secondary education, gross enrolment ratiogross enrolment ratio, gender parity index